• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to footer

Clinical Encounters: Obesity

Skills Training for Primary Care Providers

  • Resources
  • About
  • Blog
  • Contact
  • Log In

Biology and Adjunctive Treatments

Current Status
Not Enrolled
Price
Closed
Get Started
This activity is currently closed

Biology and Adjunctive Treatments

Options for Patients with Advanced Obesity or Weight-Related Comorbidities

1 hr(s) CME/CE

Goal: Learn to determine which patients meet criteria for prescribing FDA-approved weight-loss medications and how to safely prescribe, as well as how to select, advise, refer qualifying adult obese patients for weight-loss surgery and provide appropriate follow-up.

Log In/Register

Log In

Forgot Password?
Register New Account
Forgot Password
Enter your email address or username and we’ll send you instructions to reset your password.
Return to login

This activity is designed to change: Competence, Performance, Patient Outcome. 1 hr(s)

Overview

Professional Practice Gaps

Educational Objectives:

After completing this activity participants will be able to:

  • Explain the biological modifications that occur in chronic obesity that contribute to perpetuating the condition
  • Describe the biological pathways and hormones involved in regulating appetite and weight
  • Identify which patients meet guideline criteria for prescribing weight-loss medication as an adjunct to routine weight management
  • Educate patients on the need for comprehensive weight-loss treatment in conjunction with weight-loss medication
  • If prescribing FDA-approved weight-loss medications, select medications for individual patients based on the each medication’s pharmacological profile
  • Discuss the potential side effects and effectiveness of FDA-approved weight-loss medications with patients
  • Identify patients who meet criteria to be considered as candidates for bariatric surgery.
  • Explain the advantages/disadvantages of different types of bariatric surgery for patients.
  • Counsel patients regarding the behavioral, diet, and medication requirements following bariatric surgery.
  • Provide appropriate medical management, as needed, for patients who have had bariatric surgery.
  • Describe the newer devices that are being developed for weight loss, many of which are inserted via endoscopy.

Modules in this Training Activity

Activity Content

Pre-Assessments 1 Test
Expand
Page Content
Biology and Adjunctive Treatments Pre-Test (Student)
Obesity Biology and Weight-Loss Medications
Weight-Loss Surgery
Test Your Knowledge 1 Test
Expand
Page Content
Biology and Adjunctive Treatments Post-Test – Med Student
Demographics
Post-Survey
Satisfaction Survey

Training Activity References

Audience and Accreditation

Audience: Healthcare providers, healthcare students

A letter of completion for 1 hours is available for non-physicians.

A score of 70% on the post-test is required to complete the activity.

Participation Requirements

Funding

Initial development of this activity was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (#2R44DK091144-01A1) and NIDDK (#4R44DK108608-02).

Authors

As an ACCME accredited provider of continuing medical education, Clinical Tools, Inc. requires everyone who is in a position to control the content of an educational activity to disclose all relevant financial relationships with any commercial interest to the provider. The ACCME defines ‘relevant’ financial relationships as financial relationships in any amount occurring within the past 12 months that create a conflict of interest. Any conflicts of interest are resolved prior to the delivery of the educational activity to the learner. CTI does not permit individuals with financial conflicts of interest to participate in any stage of activity development.

T Bradley Tanner, MD (President, Clinical Tools, Inc.)
Disclosure: Has no relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose. Dr. Tanner is the owner of Clinical Tools.

Read Bio
T. Bradley Tanner, MD is president of Clinical Tools and responsible for the vision of the company. He has received funding via grants and contracts from NIDA, NIAAA, NIMH, NCI, AHRQ, CDC, the Dept of Defense, and NASA to develop medical and health education projects. Dr. Tanner served as principal investigator on 2 NIDA grants to develop the DATA-2000 qualifying buprenorphine training program and clinical practice tools on BupPractice.com. He also has a strong background in technology and oversees the development and delivery of all Clinical Tools websites. Dr. Tanner is also a board-certified psychiatrist with experience in inpatient, outpatient, and emergency health settings. He currently treats patients and educates medical students and residents via his role as a Clinical Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Karen Rossie, DDS, PhD (Research Scientist, Clinical Tools, Inc. )
Disclosure: Has no relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Read Bio
Karen Rossie, DDS, PhD, directs projects at Clinical Tools. She majored in biology at Cleveland State University and studied dentistry at Case Western Reserve University followed by completing a Masters in pathology at Ohio State University, and later, a PhD in Psychology from the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology. She taught and practiced oral pathology and oral medicine for 15 years at the Ohio State University and the University of Pittsburgh, doing research in autoimmune disease, bone marrow transplantation, oral cancer, salivary gland disease, candidiasis, and diabetes. She has used this diverse background to lead or contribute to CTI projects related to tobacco cessation, opioid abuse treatment, anxiety, dementia care, alcohol use disorder, screening and brief interventions for substance abuse, obesity, and pain and addiction.

Reviewers

Steve Applegate, MEd, MEd (President, Applegate Consulting, )
Disclosure: Has no relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Read Bio
Mr. Applegate has experience in substance use counseling, state initiatives impacting substance use, and professional training. His prior positions include director of higher education and instructional design at the North Carolina Governor’s Institute on Alcohol and Substance Abuse, project director of the North Carolina Initiative of the Mid-Atlantic Addiction Technology Transfer Center, and program director of the Addiction Sciences Center (an outpatient substance abuse treatment center at the University of Virginia Health Sciences Center). Mr. Applegate works as an on-site consultant and travels to the Clinical Tools (CTI) office on a monthly basis from his office in Richmond, VA. Mr. Applegate helped design the CTI Instructional Manual and works to continue to revise it as we expand our Instructional Design methodology. Mr. Applegate has extensive experience with online education and training, especially in the area of substance abuse. He often pushes the envelope of technology and brainstorms with Clinical Tools how we can utilize new technology in our products. He helped guide development of the curriculum plan and assessments in Phase I of the current project.

Most Recent Reviews

CTI Content Review: June 5, 2020
CTI Editorial Review: June 25, 2020

View Reviews


Reviews for this activity

Very useful.

As a current medical director of a physician weight loss center, this activity enhances my current understanding of the principles of obesity and bariatric surgery. Very useful for the novice and the experienced physician as well.

— Preventive Medicine/Occupational

Biology and Adjunctive Treatments
5
2021-12-08T15:38:51-05:00

— Preventive Medicine/Occupational

As a current medical director of a physician weight loss center, this activity enhances my current understanding of the principles of obesity and bariatric surgery. Very useful for the novice and the experienced physician as well.
https://obesity.clinicalencounters.com/blog/testimonials/very-useful/

Great.

Great.

— Health Professional

Biology and Adjunctive Treatments
5
2021-12-08T15:38:51-05:00

— Health Professional

Great.
https://obesity.clinicalencounters.com/blog/testimonials/great/
5
2
Biology and Adjunctive Treatments


Related Activities:

Pharmacotherapy for Patient with Chronic Obesity course image
Pharmacotherapy for Patient with Chronic Obesity

0.5 Hrs

Case: Rebecca Collins

View Activity Outline

 
Lifestyle Change Before Weight Loss Surgery course image
Lifestyle Change Before Weight Loss Surgery

0.5 Hrs

Case: Dave Abbott

View Activity Outline

 
Weight Loss Surgery Case with Follow up course image
Weight Loss Surgery Case with Follow up

0.5 Hrs

Case: Stacy Murdock

View Activity Outline

 
Biology and Adjunctive Treatments course image
Biology and Adjunctive Treatments

1 Hr

Options for Patients with Advanced Obesity or Weight-Related Comorbidities

View Activity Outline

 

Primary Sidebar

Activity Home Expand All
Pre-Assessments
1 Test
Biology and Adjunctive Treatments Pre-Test (Student)
Obesity Biology and Weight-Loss Medications
Weight-Loss Surgery
Test Your Knowledge
1 Test
Biology and Adjunctive Treatments Post-Test – Med Student
Demographics
Post-Survey
Satisfaction Survey
Funding Information Development of this website was funded entirely by grant #2R44DK091144-01A1 and #5R44DK108608-04 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). The website contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NIDA. Ongoing development and maintenance is funded by the training fee and Clinical Tools, Inc. No commercial support is received.
Clinical Tools is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

  • Contact Us
  • Copyright & Reproduction Guidelines
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • Technology Requirements
  • 508 Compliance

Footer

developed & maintained by
ClinicalTools

A member of The Clinical Encounters Training Group: SBIRT Training | BupPractice | PainTx Challenge | CE:Vaping | CE:Alcohol | CE:Obesity | OpioidCME

Clinical Tools, Inc. staff have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.

Unless otherwise noted, individuals pictured are models and are used for illustrative purposes only.

This site is for educational purposes only and medical decisions should not be based solely on its content. This site, its authors, and its consultants do not assume liability for errors or omissions.

  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn
  • Twitter
feedback@clinicaltools.com

101 A Market St Chapel Hill, NC 27516
919-960-8118

Contact Us

© 2023 · Clinical Tools, Inc · Log in

Register

  • If you already have an account on one of our other Clinical Encounters sites, you do not need to create a new account, simply log in.
  • Hidden
  • Hidden
  • By registering, you agree to the Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. If you are a part of a group, you understand your participation information can be provided to the group organizer.
  • This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.
Hidden
Name
Hidden
Hidden
Leave a Review!
Your comments help guide other users & help us make improvements
Hidden
Log In

Forgot Password?
Register New Account
Log In

Forgot Password?
Register New Account

Register

Don’t have an account?

Register Group

Register Individual

Sign up for our Newsletter!

Want to keep up to date on HealthImpact.Studio developments? Enter your information below and we’ll let you know when we have new products or open research studies, and what we’re working on for the future.

  • Hidden
Professional Practice Gaps

Evidence-based guidelines recommend that providers advise adults with BMI ≥ 40kg/m2 or BMI ≥ 35kg/m2, with obesity-related comorbid conditions, who are motivated to lose weight and have not responded to behavioral treatment, whether they have tried pharmacotherapy or not, that bariatric surgery may be an appropriate option to improve health (Jensen et al., 2013). Referral to an experienced bariatric surgeon for consultation and evaluation is recommended for these patients.

Although there is significant evidence to support these recommendations, one study indicated that 13% of qualifying patients were unaware that they were candidates for bariatric surgery, while 8% of qualifying patients had never heard about bariatric surgery (Afonso et al., 2010). In our survey of obesity experts (N=7), 86% believed that providers need to get better at selecting which patients to refer for possible weight-loss surgery. Of the primary care providers surveyed, 80% felt they needed training regarding the use of surgery in weight management (Tanner, 2011).

Evidence-based practice guidelines also recommend that, in order to promote weight loss and long-term weight maintenance, physicians should use approved weight loss medications (over no pharmacological therapy) to help ameliorate comorbidities and amplify adherence to behavior changes needed for weight loss in individuals with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 or in individuals with a BMI ≥ 27kg/m2 and at least one associated comorbidity (C. M. Apovian et al., 2015).

However, in our needs analysis survey of primary care providers (N=25), 88% said they needed further training regarding the use of pharmacotherapy in weight management, while 32% of providers were not confident with the use of pharmacotherapy in weight management (Tanner, 2011).

Practice Gap References

  • Afonso, B. B., Rosenthal, R., Li, K. M., Zapatier, J., & Szomstein, S. (2010). Perceived barriers to bariatric surgery among morbidly obese patients. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases: Official Journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery, 6(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2009.07.006

  • Apovian, C. M., Aronne, L. J., Bessesen, D. H., McDonnell, M. E., Murad, M. H., Pagotto, U., … Still, C. D. (2015). Pharmacological Management of Obesity: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 100(2), 342–362. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-3415

  • Jensen, M. D., Ryan, D. H., Apovian, C. M., Ard, J. D., Comuzzie, A. G., Donato, K. A., … Yanovski, S. Z. (2013). 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation, 01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee

  • Tanner, B. (2011). Improving Obesity Outcomes Through Interactive Web-Based Clinical Skills Training | SBIR.gov. Retrieved April 3, 2019, from https://www.sbir.gov/sbirsearch/detail/389149

Training Activity References

Obesity Biology and Weight-Loss Medications

  • Abdalla, M. M. I. (2017). Central and peripheral control of food intake. Endocrine Regulations, 51(1), 52–70. https://doi.org/10.1515/enr-2017-0006
  • AHFS Consumer Medication Information. (2012). Phentermine and Topiramate. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a612037.html
  • Apovian, C. (2013). Pharmacotherapy For The Management Of Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/809408_6
  • Apovian, C. M., Aronne, L. J., Bessesen, D. H., McDonnell, M. E., Murad, M. H., Pagotto, U., … Still, C. D. (2015). Pharmacological Management of Obesity: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 100(2), 342–362. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-3415
  • Bardo, M. (2013). The mesolimbic dopamine reward system and drug addiction. In Biological research on addiction: comprehensive addictive behaviors and disorders (Vol. 2, pp. 209–216). Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ZUeCgcrNjOUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA209&dq=mesolimbic+dopamine+reward+pathway+review&ots=EffNWXIinA&sig=q99NfPDrLD2_wZJ31L9SXS7SI6Q#v=onepage&q&f=false
  • Bays, H., Seger, J., Primack, C., & et al. (2017). Obesity Algorithm, presented by the Obesity Medicine Association [Informative]. Retrieved July 18, 2017, from Obesity Medicine Association website: https://obesitymedicine.org/obesity-algorithm/
  • Broussard, C. (2014). CNS Regulation of Weight. Presented at the Philadelphia (30 CME) Full Obesity Conference: Exam Review and Obesity Courses March 12-16, 2014, Philadelphia. Retrieved from https://netforum.avectra.com/eweb/DynamicPage.aspx?Site=ASBP&WebCode=EventDetail&evt_key=2b1c1356-1243-495c-b187-deb015894210
  • Coll, A. P., Farooqi, I. S., & O’Rahilly, S. (2007). The hormonal control of food intake. Cell, 129, 251–262. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2202913/
  • Cozolino, L. (2010). The neuroscience of psychotherapy, healing the social brain. Retrieved from http://books.wwnorton.com/books/The-Neuroscience-of-Psychotherapy/
  • Cummings, D., & Overduin, J. (2007). Gastrointestinal regulation of food intake. 117, 13–23. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17200702
  • Domecq, J., Prutsky, G., Leppin, A., & et al. (2015). Clinical review: Drugs commonly associated with weight change: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 100(2), 363–370. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25590213
  • Drugs.com. (2016). Phentermine [Informative]. Retrieved April 12, 2016, from Drugs.com website: http://www.drugs.com/pro/phentermine.html
  • Eisai, Inc. (2014). BELVIQ [package insert] [Informative]. Retrieved June 5, 2014, from Dailymed.com website: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=7cbbb12f-760d-487d-b789-ae2d52a3e01f
  • Ferguson, U. (2014). Gut Hormones. Presented at the Philadelphia (30 CME) Full Obesity Conference: Exam Review and Obesity Courses March 12-16, 2014, Philadelphia. Retrieved from https://netforum.avectra.com/eweb/DynamicPage.aspx?Site=ASBP&WebCode=EventDetail&evt_key=2b1c1356-1243-495c-b187-deb015894210
  • Gearhardt, A., Yokum, S., & Orr, P. (2011). Neural correlates of food addiction. 68, 808–816. Retrieved from http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1107239
  • Genetics Home Reference. (2015). Prader Willi Syndrome [Informative]. Retrieved July 15, 2015, from NIH.gov website: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/prader-willi-syndrome
  • Gregor, M., & Hotamisligil, G. (2011). Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity. Annual Review of Immunology, 29, 415–445. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219177
  • Huizinga, M. (2007). Weight-loss pharmacotherapy: a brief review. Clinical Diabetes, 25, 135–140. Retrieved from http://clinical.diabetesjournals.org/content/25/4/135.long
  • Jensen, M. D., Ryan, D. H., Apovian, C. M., Ard, J. D., Comuzzie, A. G., Donato, K. A., … Yanovski, S. Z. (2013). 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation, 01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee
  • Kim, G., Lin, J., & Valentino, M. (2011). Regulation of appetite to treat obesity. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 4, 243–259. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21666781
  • Lenard, N., & Berthoud, H. (2008). Central and peripheral regulation of food intake and physical activity: pathways and genes. Obesity (Silver Spring), 16, 11–22. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19190620
  • MacLean, P., Higgins, J., & Giles, E. (2015). The role for adipose tissue in weight regain after weight loss. Obesity Reviews, 16 Suppl 1, 45–54. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/obr.12255/abstract
  • Mehran, A. E., Templeman, N. M., Brigidi, G. S., Lim, G. E., Chu, K.-Y., Hu, X., … Johnson, J. D. (2012). Hyperinsulinemia drives diet-induced obesity independently of brain insulin production. Cell Metabolism, 16(6), 723–737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.10.019
  • National Institutes of Health. (2019, February 1). Office of Dietary Supplements – Dietary Supplements for Weight Loss. Retrieved April 29, 2019, from https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/WeightLoss-HealthProfessional/
  • NIDDK. (2019, April 8). Prescription Medications to Treat Overweight and Obesity | NIDDK. Retrieved April 8, 2019, from National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases website: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/weight-management/prescription-medications-treat-overweight-obesity
  • Niswender, K. D. (2011). Basal insulin: beyond glycemia. Postgraduate Medicine, 123(4), 27–37. https://doi.org/10.3810/pgm.2011.07.2301
  • Ochner, C., Tsai, A., Kushner, R., & Wadden, T. (2015). Treating obesity seriously: when recommendations for lifestyle change confront biological adaptations. The Lancet: Diabetes and Endocrinology, 3(4), 232–234. Retrieved from http://www.thelancet.com/journals/landia/article/PIIS2213-8587(15)00009-1/fulltext
  • Preidt, R. (2015). Your DNA May Explain High-Calorie Food Cravings. US News. Retrieved from http://health.usnews.com/health-news/articles/2015/11/05/your-dna-may-explain-high-calorie-food-cravings
  • Richey, J. M., & Woolcott, O. (2017). Re-visiting the Endocannabinoid System and Its Therapeutic Potential in Obesity and Associated Diseases. Current Diabetes Reports, 17(10), 99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0924-x
  • Shriner, R., & Gold, M. (2014). Food Addiction: An Evolving Nonlinear Science. Nutrients, 6(11), 5370–5391. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4245594/
  • Stanley, S., Wynne, K., & McGowan, B. (2005). Hormonal regulation of food intake. 85, 1131–1158. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16183909
  • Suzuki, K., Jayasena, C., & Bloom, S. (2011). The gut hormones in appetite regulation. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/528401
  • Takeda Pharmaceuticals America. (2014). Contrave (natlrexone HCI and burpropion HCI) medication guide [Informative]. Retrieved January 27, 2015, from Dailymed.com website: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=ed2da3a6-0614-4bea-8e82-962cbaae6428
  • Tanner, B. (2011). Improving Obesity Outcomes Through Interactive Web-Based Clinical Skills Training | SBIR.gov. Retrieved April 3, 2019, from https://www.sbir.gov/sbirsearch/detail/389149
  • Tattikota, S., Rathjen, T., & McAnulty, S. (2014). Argonaute2 mediates compensatory expansion of the pancreatic β cell. Cell Metabolism, 19, 122–134. Retrieved from http://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(13)00464-6
  • Trepanowski, J., Mey, J., & Varady, K. (2015). Fetuin-A: a novel link between obesity and related complications. International Journal of Obesity, 39, 734–741. Retrieved from http://www.nature.com/ijo/journal/v39/n5/abs/ijo2014203a.html?WT.ec_id=IJO-201505#close
  • Vivus, Inc. (2013). Qsymia® (phentermine and topiramate extended-release) capsules CIV – Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) [Informative]. Retrieved June 5, 2014, from qsymiarems.com website: http://www.qsymiarems.com/
  • Volkow, N., Wang, G., Tomasi, D., & et al. (2013). Obesity and addiction: neurobiological overlaps. 14(1), 2–18. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23016694
  • Woo, Y., Xu, A., & Wang, Y. (2013). Fibroblast growth factor 21 as an emerging metabolic regulator: clinical perspectives. 78, 489–496. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23134073
  • Woods, S., Lutz, T., & Geary, N. (2006). Pancreatic signals controlling food intake; insulin glucagon and amylin. 361, 1219–1235. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1642707/
  • Xia, Q., & Grant, S. F. (2013). The genetics of human obesity. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1281(1), 178–190. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12020

Weight-Loss Surgery

  • Adams, T., Pendleton, R., & Strong, M. (2010). Health outcomes of gastric bypass patients compared to nonsurgical, nonintervened severely obese. Obesity (Silver Spring), 18, 121–130. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19498344
  • Afonso, B. B., Rosenthal, R., Li, K. M., Zapatier, J., & Szomstein, S. (2010). Perceived barriers to bariatric surgery among morbidly obese patients. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases: Official Journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery, 6(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2009.07.006
  • ASBMS. (2014). Bariatric Surgery Procedures. Retrieved from http://asmbs.org/patients/bariatric-surgery-procedures
  • ASMBS. (2014). Estimate of Bariatric Surgery Numbers. Retrieved from https://asmbs.org/resources/estimate-of-bariatric-surgery-numbers#
  • Bays, H., Seger, J., Primack, C., & et al. (2017). Obesity Algorithm, presented by the Obesity Medicine Association [Informative]. Retrieved July 18, 2017, from Obesity Medicine Association website: https://obesitymedicine.org/obesity-algorithm/
  • BioSpace. (2019, April 16). Gelesis Granted FDA Clearance to Market PLENITYTM — a New Prescription Aid in Weight Management. Retrieved April 16, 2019, from BioSpace website: https://www.biospace.com/article/gelesis-granted-fda-clearance-to-market-plenity-a-new-prescription-aid-in-weight-management/
  • Cardoso, L., Rodrigues, D., Gomes, L., & Carrilho, F. (2017). Short- and long-term mortality after bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 19(9), 1223–1232. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12922
  • EnteroMedics Inc. (2015). EnteroMedics Announces FDA Approval of VBLOC® Vagal Blocking Therapy for the Treatment of Obesity [Pharmaceutical]. Retrieved January 16, 2015, from EnteroMedics website website: http://ir.enteromedics.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=891316
  • FDA. (2015). FDA approves first-of-kind device to treat obesity. Retrieved from http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm430223.htm
  • FDA. (2016). FDA approves AspireAssist obesity device. Retrieved from http://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/ucm506625.htm
  • FDA. (2018). FDA approved obesity treatment devices. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ProductsandMedicalProcedures/ObesityDevices/default.htm
  • Fiore, K. (2013). New Guidelines for Weight-Loss Surgery Upgrade Sleeve Procedure. Retrieved from http://www.medpagetoday.com/Endocrinology/Obesity/38112?utm_content=&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=DailyHeadlines&utm_source=WC&xid=NL_DHE_2013-03-28&eun=g648601d0r&userid=648601&email=lsoler@webmd.net&mu_id=5780408
  • Fox, B., Chen, E., Suzo, A., Jolles, S., Greenberg, J. A., Campos, G. M., … Funk, L. M. (2015). Dietary and psych predictors of weight loss after gastric bypass. Journal of Surgical Research, 197(2), 283–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2015.04.019
  • Fried, M., Yumuk, V., Oppert, J., & et al. (2013). Interdisciplinary European guidelines on metabolic and bariatric surgery. Obesity Facts, 6, 449–468. Retrieved from http://easo.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/EASO-IFSO-EC-Guidelines-on-Metabolic-and-Bariatric-Surgery.pdf
  • Herber, D., Greenway, F., Kaplan, L., & et al. (2013). Endocrine and Nutritional Management of the Post-Bariatric Surgery Patient: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 95(11). Retrieved from http://press.endocrine.org/doi/full/10.1210/jc.2009-2128
  • Ivezaj, V., & Grilo, C. M. (2015). When mood worsens after gastric bypass surgery: characterization of bariatric patients with increases in depressive symptoms following surgery. Obesity Surgery, 25(3), 423–429. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-014-1402-z
  • Jensen, M. D., Ryan, D. H., Apovian, C. M., Ard, J. D., Comuzzie, A. G., Donato, K. A., … Yanovski, S. Z. (2013). 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation, 01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee
  • Kushner, R., & AMA. (2011). Talking about weight with your patients. Retrieved from http://www.texmed.org/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=26248
  • Livingston, E. (2010). The incidence of bariatric surgery has plateaued in the U.S. American Journal of Surgery, 200(3), 378–385. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20409518
  • Mechanick, J., Youdim, A., Jones, D., & et al. (2013). Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutritional, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of the bariatric surgery patient–2013 update: cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, The Obesity Society, and American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring), 21 Suppl 1, S1-27. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23529939
  • Mion, F., Ibrahim, M., & Marjoux, S. (2013). Swallowable Obalon® gastric balloons as an aid for weight loss: a pilot feasibility study. 23, 730–733. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11695-013-0927-x
  • NDDIC. (2013). Dumping Syndrome. NIH Publication No. 13–4629. Retrieved from http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/dermatitis-herpetiformis/Pages/facts.aspx
  • Nudel, J., & Sanchez, V. M. (2019). Surgical management of obesity. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 92, 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.12.002
  • Ponce, J., Woodman, G., & Swain, J. (2014). The REDUCE pivotal trial: a prospective, randomized controlled pivotal trial of a dual intragastric balloon for the treatment of obesity. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. Retrieved from http://www.soard.org/article/S1550-7289(14)00488-2/abstract
  • Tanner, B. (2011). Improving Obesity Outcomes Through Interactive Web-Based Clinical Skills Training | SBIR.gov. Retrieved April 3, 2019, from https://www.sbir.gov/sbirsearch/detail/389149
  • Tucker, M. (2013). New Bariatric Surgery Guidelines Reflect Rapidly Evolving Field. Medscape Medical News. Retrieved from https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/781619
  • Virji, A., & Murr, M. (2006). Caring for patients after bariatric surgery. 73(8), 1403–1408. Retrieved from http://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0415/p1403.html
Participation Requirements

Activity Credit: Obtaining credit for participation in this activity requires that you complete the pre-assessments, work through the modules (including all in-module interactive activities), complete the post-assessments with a 70% score on the post-test, and then request credit. At the end of the activity, you will be instructed on how to print out a certificate for your records.

Time Requirement: Keep track of the amount of time it takes you to complete this activity. You will be required to spend a set amount of time in order to claim credit. You should claim credit only for the time actually spent in the activity.

Technical Requirement: Our site requires the latest versions of Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox, or Microsoft Edge. The site is not optimized for Internet Explorer and certain functionality will not work with that browser. Please utilize a supported browser when accessing the site.